S. 5. 2. – Steam liners and cruisers

Chair: David Winkler (United States Naval Academy)

• Teele Saar (University of Tartu/Estonian Maritime Museum) – The Conditions for Establishing Steamship Lines in the Russian Baltic Provinces and Finland from 1837 to 1870
• François Dremeaux (University of Le Havre Normandie / University of Hong Kong) – From a journey to a voyage, the birth of Ocean cruises. The French Lines and the transformation of the Sea as a touristic destination
• Kristof Loockx (PhD) – Seafarers on ocean liners during the transition from sail to steam: evidence from Belgium, 1850-1900